ÐÏࡱá>þÿ npþÿÿÿmÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿì¥Á€ ðR¿]bjbjûwûw2b™ ™ È5
ÿÿÿÿÿÿ·‚‚ÎÎÎÎÎÿÿÿÿâââ8l†$âÕOlªªªªªÞÞÞTOVOVOVOVOVOVOAQ¢ãS:VO9ÎÞÞÞÞÞVOÎΪª4Oð ð ð ޚΪΪTOð ÞTOð ð ð ªÿÿÿÿ`ÝõìRkÏâxFð @O¥O0ÕOð T¾R Tð ð È/ TθLˆÞÞð ÞÞÞÞÞVOVOàÞÞÞÕOÞÞÞÞÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ TÞÞÞÞÞÞÞÞÞ‚ ”: Urban Studies
Volume 51, Issue 8, June 2014
1. Title: Building Talented Worker Housing in Shenzhen, China, to Sustain Place Competitiveness
Authors: Morrison, Nicola.
Abstract: In China, economic reforms over the last three decades, have transformed its urban governments so that economic growth takes priority over other policy goals. The purpose of this paper is to explore how talented worker housing policies have emerged within one of China’s first-class cities, namely Shenzhen, to address its affordability problems but also to enhance local economic competitiveness. Whilst Shenzhen is heading in the direction of an international, entrepreneurial city focusing, in particular, on high value-added industry, it needs to attract and retain professional, skilled workers to sustain this growth trajectory. Drawing on the concept of urban entrepreneurialism, the paper examines how talented worker housing policies and procedures have been initiated and implemented in Shenzhen in relation to its economic development strategy and affordable housing programme. The paper suggests that not only is policy delivery proving problematic, but affordability problems remain insurmountable, thus potentially limiting the effectiveness of this particular urban entrepreneurial strategy in supporting place competitiveness.
2. Title: Territorial Tactics: The Socio-spatial Significance of Private Policing Strategies in Cape Town
Authors: Paasche, Till F; Yarwood, Richard; Sidaway, James D.
Abstract: This paper analyses the policing strategies of private security companies operating in urban space. An existing literature has considered the variety of ways that territory becomes of fundamental importance in the work of public police forces. However, this paper examines territory in the context of private security companies. Drawing on empirical research in Cape Town, it examines how demarcated territories become key subjects in private policing. Private security companies are responsible for a relatively small section of the city, while in contrast the public police ultimately have to see city space as a whole. Hence, private policing strategy becomes one of displacement, especially of so-called undesirables yielding a patchworked public space associated with private enclaves of consumption. The conclusions signal the historical resonances and comparative implications of these political–legal–security dynamics.
3. Title: The Urban Political Ecology of Post-industrial Scottish Towns: Examining Greengairs and Ravenscraig
Authors: Ioris, Antonio A. R.
Abstract: Urban ecological politics is shaped by both moments of concerted action and more silent perceptions and responses. Instead of only being evident in situations of organised protest, the politics of urban ecology is also manifested, in material and symbolic terms, in the daily life of the residents. The fragmentation of urban political ecology turns out to be an important element in the affirmation of post-political forms of urban governance. Those issues were the object of fieldwork research carried out in Greengairs and Ravenscraig, two towns in North Lanarkshire, near Glasgow, with the goal of unravelling the understanding and the coping mechanisms of environmentally deprived residents. The towns are permeated by a widespread, often dissimulated, political ecology that is nonetheless always present. Empirical results demonstrate that a more comprehensive handling of the political ecology of the urban is crucial in order to halt the sources of marginalisation and ecological degradation.
4. Title: Do Micro Enterprises Benefit from the ‘Doing Business’ Reforms? The Case of Street-Vending in Tanzania
Authors: Lyons, Michal; Brown, Alison; Msoka, Colman.
Abstract: The World Bank’s ‘Doing Business’ reforms were originally expected to help the growth and formalisation of SMEs and micro enterprises. The expectations that reforms would support the growth and development of SMEs were challenged by scholars, but the reforms’ impact on the micro enterprises of the poor has received little scholarly attention. Drawing on a desk study and on field studies of street-vendors carried out in Tanzania in 2007 and 2011, this paper argues that the growth and formalisation of micro-businesses are badly served by the ‘Doing Business’ reforms.
5. Title: What Makes Firms Leave the Neighbourhood?
Authors: Weterings, Anet.
Abstract: Limited attention has been paid to neighbourhood conditions as a driver of firm relocation choices. Using a panel dataset (1999–2006) of actual firm relocations in the Netherlands, the effect of different neighbourhood conditions on firms’ propensity to relocate was estimated. Results show that, besides firm and regional characteristics, neighbourhood conditions also affect firms’ relocation choices, but which conditions matter depends on the firm’s industrial activity and size. The relocation decision of consumer services in particular is affected by neighbourhood conditions, while the choice of manufacturing, wholesale and business services firms is affected more by increases in population density. Nevertheless, a higher number of shops, cafes and restaurants and a more attractive physical environment do lower the probability that business services leave the neighbourhood, while manufacturing and wholesale firms are more inclined to leave neighbourhoods when a higher share of consumer services is not in use.
6. Title: Competition over High-income Workers: Job Growth and Access to Labour in Atlanta
Authors: Matsuo, Miwa.
Abstract: Access to a large labour pool (labour pooling) leads to local economic concentrations through agglomeration economies. However, these concentrations may be self-limiting by reducing labour availability through competition over high-skill workers. This paper examines whether labour pooling and labour availability of workers with different incomes account for local job growth in the Atlanta metropolitan area between 2000 and 2006. Workers’ income is employed to account for the human capital of workers, including education and skills. It is found that the availability of high-income workers is the only positive significant factor for job growth and the spatial size of the effect is larger than the traffic analysis zone (neighbourhood scale). In contrast, no labour pooling indicators show a positive association with job growth. The finding casts doubt on labour pooling effects at the intraregional level and suggests avenues for further research on local-area agglomeration economies.
7. Title: Measuring the Impact of Agglomeration on Productivity: Evidence from Chilean Retailers
Authors: Garate, Sergio; Pennington-Cross, Anthony.
Abstract: This research extends the agglomeration literature to a country that has not been studied and a market sector that has received little attention. The majority of research that examines how density affects productivity has indirectly measured productivity through worker wages or property prices. The research uses individual supermarkets’ store productivity, proxied by 10 years of annual sales per square foot. Studying supermarkets permits the examination of the effect consumers might have on productivity. Agglomerations (density) could increase or decrease productivity depending on the relative extent of increased competition versus productivity gains, as consumers choose where to shop based on their interests in reducing shopping time (transport costs) and comparison shopping (product quality and pricing). Stores are described by who operates the store, the brand of the store and the size of the store. Results indicate that density has a differential impact depending on the store itself and the mix of stores nearby.
8. Title: Regional Convergence of Income and Education: Investigation of Distribution Dynamics
Authors: Rattsø, Jørn; Stokke, Hildegunn.
Abstract: Recent US studies find that regional education levels diverge and that this can explain the decline of income convergence. The paper challenges the suggested relationship between movements in the distributions of income and education based on Norwegian data. Kernel density functions and Markov chains are applied and a test is undertaken of co-movements in the distributions of education and income. Education levels converge and are equalised across the country, and this process coincides with income convergence. However, the test indicates that transitions in the income and education distributions are basically unrelated. The education level increases in large cities with limited income growth and the income growth is strong in regions with continued low education level.
9. Title: Is Urban Land Price Adjustment More Sluggish than Housing Price Adjustment? Empirical Evidence
Authors: Oikarinen, Elias.
Abstract: This article hypothesises that, due to factors such as thin trading and lack of publicly available data on transactions in the land market, urban land prices react more sluggishly to shocks in market fundamentals than housing prices do. Based on a vector error-correction model utilising quarterly data for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area in Finland over 1988Q1–2008Q2, the empirical analysis provides support for this hypothesis. In particular, the results suggest that new information regarding the market fundamentals is more rapidly reflected in housing prices than in land prices. Nevertheless, it is the housing price level, instead of land prices, that adjusts towards a cointegrating long-run equilibrium between housing prices, land prices and construction costs.
10. Title: Accessibility and Residential Land Value Uplift: Identifying Spatial Variations in the Accessibility Impacts of a Bus Transitway
Authors: Mulley, Corinne.
Abstract: New public transport investment can improve accessibility for existing and new users of the urban transport network and this can lead to land value uplift with uplift benefits being distributed in relation to the proximity of the location of the property to the infrastructure. This paper quantifies land value uplift and its spatial distribution for accessibility to different destinations for residential properties around a new-build Liverpool Parramatta transitway for buses in a suburban area of south-west Sydney, Australia. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) is used to take account of spatial dependency in the estimation process with the results being presented in map form. Results indicate that property prices are mainly determined by the property’s internal features and the neighbourhood effects, but accessibility by car and accessibility to employment along the transitway also contribute non-marginally. The GWR local model shows that accessibility varies significantly over geographical space demonstrating the advantages of this approach.
11. Title: Zipf’s Law and Canadian Urban Growth
Authors: Lalanne, Aurélie.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to study the hierarchical structure of the Canadian urban system and to determine the growth processes. Zipf’s law is rejected for the whole country for all periods because of a clear size-domination by a few big cities such as Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. It appears that the dynamics of growth follow a deterministic process related to existing urban size, previous growth and spatial structure. Splitting the Canadian urban system into two—east and west—permits the identification of differences that were not observable when studying the country as a whole. While size and previous growth are still important explanatory variables of growth patterns, these two systems may be distinguished one from the other from the point of view of spatial patterns of distribution of growth rates.
12. Title: The Impact of Intermunicipal Cooperation on Local Public Spending
Authors: Frère, Quentin; Leprince, Matthieu; Paty, Sonia.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to assess the effects of intermunicipal fiscal cooperation on municipal public spending, based on the French experience. A model of municipal spending choice is estimated using panel data and spatial econometrics for municipalities over the period 1994–2003. Two main results are provided. First, intermunicipal cooperation has no significant impact on the level of municipal public spending, which suggests that cooperation does not achieve its goal of reducing municipal spending by the sharing of local responsibilities. Second, there are no spending interactions between municipalities belonging to the same intermunicipal community. This is in line with the goal assigned to cooperation in terms of internalisation of spatial externalities. However, the results show that benefit spillovers remain highly significant outside intermunicipal communities.
åN N/ffNÄ‹ÿ
13. Title: Book review: Post-Ghetto: Reimagining South Los Angeles
Authors: Salim, Zia.
Abstract: The article reviews the book Post-Ghetto: Reimagining South Los Angeles (Western Histories) by Josh Sides.
14. Title: Book review: Residential Segregation in Comparative Perspective: Making Sense of Contextual Diversity
Authors: Yuan, Yuan.
Abstract: The article reviews the book “Residential Segregation in Comparative Perspective: Making Sense of Contextual Diversity (Cities and Society)” by Thomas Maloutas, Kuniko Fujita.
15. Title: Book review: Sanctuaries of the City: Lessons from Tokyo
Authors: Zhou, Shangyi.
Abstract: The article reviews the book “Sanctuaries of the City” by Anni Greve.
16. Title:
"&)+,-/8AYZ\dfkmníÜʹʹʹª¹–ŽseZM?e?eZM?h’ æh¯ 5OJQJ^Jh¯ 5OJQJ^Jo(h¯ 5OJQJ^Jh’ æh’ æ5OJQJ^JhÌ"èhU<¬5OJQJ^Jh·uD5OJQJ^Jo(hÌ"èhÌ"èo(&hÌ"èhÌ"è5CJOJQJ^JaJo( h
2e5CJOJQJ^JaJ h’ æ5CJOJQJ^JaJo(#hÌ"èhÌ"è5CJOJQJ^JaJ h’ æ5CJ OJQJ^JaJ o(#h’ æh’ æ5CJ OJQJ^JaJ ,-.Ž©*
+
•
Ó
}~ì
þÿp¦ìí!;G H ÷÷òíííèèãããèÞÞÞèÙÙÙÔÏÏÔÔgdÐpsgd)w¤gd$?ÃgdToŸgdßl$gd%j,gdU<¬gdÌ"è$a$gdt4Ž–—¨©²³)
*
+
,
.
4
5
”
•
ž
Ò
Ó
Ü
Ý
|}~óåÚÌ¿å´§š´åÌoÌo§aVIhToŸ5OJQJ^Jo(h%j,5OJQJo(h’ æhU<¬OJQJ^Jo( hvI¼hßl$5OJQJ^Jo(hßl$hßl$5OJQJ^Jhßl$5OJQJ^Jo(h’ æht4OJQJ^Jh’ æh’ æOJQJ^JhjŒ5OJQJo(ht45OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh’ æ5OJQJ^Jhicy5OJQJ^JhÌ"èhU<¬5OJQJ^JhjŒ5OJQJ^Jo(€‡ˆëìôõ
ýþÿ opxy¥¦¯°ñêÜÏÁ±ÜÏÁ±ÜϤ—ŒqcVÁFcVÁFcV hvI¼h$?Ã5OJQJ^Jo(h$?Ã5OJQJ^Jo(h$?Ãh$?Ã5OJQJ^JhÌ"èh%j,5OJQJ^Jhs/Ê5OJQJ^Jo(h%j,5OJQJo(h’ æha NOJQJ^Jh’ æh’ æOJQJ^J hvI¼hToŸ5OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh’ æ5OJQJ^JhToŸ5OJQJ^Jo(hToŸhToŸ5OJQJ^J hToŸhToŸhÌ"èhÒ`Œ5OJQJ^J°ëìíîðö÷ !)*:;DEF G H I K Q R ¢ óåÚÍ¿±Í£•±Í£…wjó\ÚO¿AO£hr7Ahr7A5OJQJ^Jhr7A5OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh)w¤OJQJ^Jo(h)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h$?Ãh)w¤5OJQJ^J hvI¼h)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(hvI¼hÐps5OJQJ^Jh’ æh’ æ5OJQJ^JhÐpshÐps5OJQJ^JhÌ"èh)w¤5OJQJ^JhÐps5OJQJ^Jo(h)w¤5OJQJo(h’ æh%j,OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh’ æOJQJ^JH £ º ¦!§!"<"N&O&®&Ø&ï)ð)Y*t*‚-ƒ-.).[2\2Œ2§2ç5è556úúõõðõõõëëõõææõõááõõÜÜõõÜgdóSågdÿ_gdLz¥gd)ggd|ÿgd)w¤gdr7A¢ £ « ¬ ¹ º Ã Ä ¥!¦!§!¨!ª!°!±!""":"<"ñãÕÇ·©œvi[MiÇ?MÇ2h’ æ5OJQJ^Jo(hvI¼h|ÿ5OJQJ^Jh|ÿh|ÿ5OJQJ^JhÌ"èh)w¤5OJQJ^Jh|ÿ5OJQJ^Jo(h)w¤5OJQJo(h’ æh)w¤OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh’ æOJQJ^Jh)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h$?Ãh)w¤5OJQJ^J hvI¼h)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh’ æ5OJQJ^JhvI¼hvI¼5OJQJ^Jhr7Ahr7A5OJQJ^JhvI¼hr7A5OJQJ^J<"E"F"M&N&O&P&R&X&Y&&®&¶&·&×&Ø&á&â&î)ï)ð)ñ)ó)ñä×ÌÁ´¦˜´Š|˜´Šlñä×^RE¦hR5OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh)w¤OJQJo(h’ æh)w¤OJQJ^Jo( hvI¼h)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(hvI¼h)g5OJQJ^Jh’ æh’ æ5OJQJ^Jh)gh)g5OJQJ^JhÌ"èh)w¤5OJQJ^Jh)g5OJQJ^Jo(h’ æ5OJQJo(h)w¤OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh’ æOJQJ^Jh)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h$?Ãh)w¤5OJQJ^Jó)ù)ú)X*Y*b*s*t*}*~*-‚-ƒ-…-‡--Ž-...ñäÖÈñÖ¸ª‚wj\NAÖ3NhvI¼hÿ_5OJQJ^Jhÿ_5OJQJ^Jo(hÿ_hÿ_5OJQJ^JhÌ"èh)w¤5OJQJ^JhR5OJQJ^Jo(h)w¤5OJQJo(h’ æh)w¤OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh’ æOJQJ^Jh)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h$?Ãh)w¤5OJQJ^J hvI¼h)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(hvI¼hLz¥5OJQJ^Jh’ æh’ æ5OJQJ^JhLz¥5OJQJ^Jo(hLz¥hLz¥5OJQJ^J.(.).2.3.Z2[2\2^2`2f2g2‹2Œ2”2•2¦2§2°2±2æ5ç5è5ê5ì5ò5ó54656=6ñáÓƹ« “…w“ñiw[ñKÓƹ« “…w“ñiw h[h)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h[h[5OJQJ^Jh[hóSå5OJQJ^JhóSåhóSå5OJQJ^JhÌ"èh)w¤5OJQJ^JhóSå5OJQJ^Jo(h)w¤5OJQJo(h’ æh)w¤OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh’ æOJQJ^Jh)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h$?Ãh)w¤5OJQJ^J hvI¼h)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh’ æ5OJQJ^J =6>6n6o6x6y6ï9ð9:
: ::::$:&:”:–:¨:ùëÛÍÀ³¥šŒvi[Mi?1Mh[hóSå5OJQJ^JhÃhhÃh5OJQJ^JhóSåhóSå5OJQJ^JhÌ"èh)w¤5OJQJ^JhóSå5OJQJ^Jo(hÃh5OJQJo(hõPt5OJQJo(hÃhhÃh5OJQJo(hÐ~œ5OJQJo(h’ æh)w¤OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh’ æOJQJ^Jh)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h$?Ãh)w¤5OJQJ^J h[h)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h’ æh’ æ5OJQJ^J h[h[56o6ð9ñ9::–:À:®;°;I<�^<�==]=u=Å=Æ=b\y\]]]] ] ] ]úõõõõúúõõððõõëëõõõõõõõæäæägd°gd
îgdmwˆgd)w¤gdóSå¨:¾:À:Ò:Ô:”;–;ª;¬;®;°;²;´;¸;Ä;Æ;H<�I<�R<�]<�^<�g<�h<�÷<�ø<�===== =ñáÓƹ«¹«’…Æwi\ñNiñáÓƹ«¹«’…wh[hmwˆ5OJQJ^Jhmwˆ5OJQJ^Jo(hmwˆhmwˆ5OJQJ^JhÌ"èh)w¤5OJQJ^JhóSå5OJQJ^Jo(h)w¤5OJQJo(hÃhh)w¤OJQJ^Jo(hÃhhÃhOJQJ^Jo(hÃhhÃhOJQJ^Jh)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h$?Ãh)w¤5OJQJ^J h[h)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(hÃhhÃh5OJQJ^J = =#=$===\=]=f=t=u=~==¸=¹=Ã=Ä=Å=Æ=È=ùëÞÐÅ·©Ð™‹~qcqcUG:hóSå5OJQJ^Jo(hÃhh)w¤5OJQJo(h[h)w¤OJQJ^Jo(hÃhhÃhOJQJ^Jo(hÃhhÃhOJQJ^Jh)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h$?Ãh)w¤5OJQJ^J h$?Ãh
î5OJQJ^Jo(hmwˆh
î5OJQJ^Jh[h
î5OJQJ^JhÃh5OJQJ^JhÃhhÃh5OJQJ^Jh
î5OJQJ^Jo(h
îh
î5OJQJ^J h
îh
îÈ=Ê=Ð=Ñ=\a\b\k\x\y\‚\ƒ\ø\ù\]]]]]]ñãÖÔƶ¨Æ˜Š}pbpbTI;3jhegoUhj<hj<5OJQJo(h)w¤5OJQJo(h[h)w¤OJQJ^Jo(hÃhhÃhOJQJ^Jo(hÃhhÃhOJQJ^Jh)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(h$?Ãh)w¤5OJQJ^J h$?Ãh)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(hmwˆh
î5OJQJ^J h[h)w¤5OJQJ^Jo(hÃhhÃh5OJQJ^JUh
î5OJQJ^Jo(h
îh
î5OJQJ^JhÌ"èh)w¤5OJQJ^JBook review: Industrial Ruination, Community, and Place: Landscapes and Legacies of Urban Decline
Authors: Kim, Ji Youn.
Abstract: The article reviews the book “Industrial Ruination, Community and Place: Landscapes and Legacies of Urban Decline” by Alice Mah.
] ]
] ]
]]]]]üôüôüôüæhj<hj<5OJQJo(jhegoUhego ]]]]]]]úøúøøógd)w¤gd°0182P °‚. °ÆA!°"°# $ %°°S°à ©b 2ÀÐàð 0@P`p€ÀÐàð2(Øè 0@P`p€ÀÐàð 0@P`p€ÀÐàð 0@P`p€ÀÐàð 0@P`p€ÀÐàð 0@P`p€ÀÐàð 0@P`p€8XøV~PJ_HmH nHsH tHJ`ñÿJ ck‡e $1$a$ CJKH_HaJmH nHsH tH$A òÿ¡$ Øž¤‹µk=„W[SOBióÿ³B nfhˆƒØÍ3¿\`õ?ê/ç[ج¶Géâ\Ä!ý-ÛRk.“sþÔ»..—·´aæ¿?ÿÿPK!¥Ö§çÀ6 _rels/.rels„ÏjÃ0 ‡ï…½ƒÑ}QÒÃ%v/¥C/£}á(h"ÛëÛOÇ
»„¤ï÷©=þ®‹ùá”ç šªÃâC?Ëháv=¿‚É…¤§%[xp†£{Ûµ_¼PÑ£<Í1¥H¶0•ˆÙO¼R®BdÑÉÒJEÛ4b$§‘q_× ˜žà6LÓõR×7`®¨Éÿ³Ã0ÌžOÁ¯,åEn7”Liäb¡¨/ãS½¨eªÔ е¸ùÖýÿÿPK!ky–ƒŠ theme/theme/themeManager.xml ÌM
à @á}¡wÙ7c»(Eb²Ë®»öCœAÇ ÒŸÛ×åãƒ7ÎßÕ›K
Y,œ
ŠeÍ.ˆ·ð|,§¨ÚH Å,láÇæéxÉ´ßIÈsQ}#Õ…µÝ Öµ+Õ!ï,Ý^¹$j=‹GWèÓ÷)âEë+&
8ýÿÿPK!ˆuu¶ŸQtheme/theme/theme1.xmlìYMoE¾#ñ F{oc'vGuªØ±hÒF±[Ôãxw¼;ÍìÎjfœÔ7Ô ‘õ@%Ä…*µH”_“RTŠÔ¿À;3»öN¼&IAÍ!öÎ>ï÷Ǽ3¾tùNÌÐ’ò¤éU/V¤qÇA±€×.¼±K¾œYÒ²ôMUÓû0ÅPS~¯ž~ÿêéctt÷ÉÑÝŸŽîÝ;ºû£eäPmá$,R½üö³? ~ŒþxüõËû_”ãeÿÛŸ<ûõór ”ÏTç_>úýÉ£ç>}ñÝýø†Àƒ"¼Oc"Ñ5rˆöx †¯¸š“8E?´H±‘„'XK)áßQ‘ƒ¾6Æ,‹Ž£G‹¸ ¼) }”¯Œn;
÷"1R´DòÕ(v€;œ³¥^¸ªeÜÜ %a¹p1*âö0>(“ÝƉßÎ(…¾™§¥cx;"Žš» '
‡$!
éw|ŸënQêøu‡ú‚K>TèE-LK]Ò§'›¦D[4†¸ŒËl†x;¾Ù¹‰Zœ•Y½I\$Tf%Ê÷ sÜxŽËXöqÌŠßÆ**S²7~ב
" ÆQ' R–Ñ\`o!èW1t¬Ò°ï°qì"…¢ûe<·1çEä&ßoG8NË°=šDEìr R£]®Êà;Üý qÀÉÜpß¤Ä ÷ÉÝà
•¦ ¢ßŒ„Ž%´j§Ç4ù»vÌ(ôc›ç׎¡>ÿêaIf½xö¤²JØ:Ö~çáŽ7Ý6}û{î& %»Ò|vãy×rßµ\ï?ßrçÕóií´·BÛÕsƒ ŠÍˆ χ”±ž3²-Í,aŸº°¨éÌñLNLi_³¾îàB
\}DUÔ‹p
vÕÓLB™±%J¹„ƒY.åñ0¤+{,¬ëƒí« Øå%½œŸ &lÌnšÃg.hI38°¥•Œ)˜ý:ªZ©SK«ÕL«s¤ML†Îš‹o‚`l//Ã]‹†ƒ f$Ð~·{o …ó ‘Œp@²i»gcT5AÊsÅÜ@î”ÄH òNðZAZC³}i§ RQ\mŽ¸¶˜Á(·›&÷ÿDÅ’]ÕÒò|ï-¢_LǬZ^ ¬°4²²MθÕÚŽ5cñb=W¢8k1,N¢î{þû >#&õ†Úç{Ð[üÐ ™AÚ@V_°ƒÒ
Ò.`p²‹6™4+ëÚltÒ^Ë7ësžt'r9[kvšxŸÑÙ“áÌçÔây:;ó°ãk»6×ÕÙã%
KÃü cc~Ó*þêÄ·!Лp¿?bJšd‚ß”†Ñ³gêŠßJ4¤ëÿÿPK!
ÑŸ¶'theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.rels„M
Â0„÷‚wooÓº‘&݈ÐÔ„ä5
6?$Qìí
®,.‡a¾™i»—Éc2Þ1hª:é•qšÁm¸ìŽ@RN‰Ù;d°`‚Žo7íg‘K(M&$R(.1˜r'J“œÐŠTù€®8£Vä"£¦AÈ»ÐH÷u} ñ›|Å$½b{Õ–Pšÿ³ý8‰g/ ]þQAsÙ…(¢ÆÌà#›ªLÊ[ººÄßÿÿPK-!‚Š¼ú [Content_Types].xmlPK-!¥Ö§çÀ6 +_rels/.relsPK-!ky–ƒŠ theme/theme/themeManager.xmlPK-!ˆuu¶ŸQÑtheme/theme/theme1.xmlPK-!
ÑŸ¶'¤ theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsPK]Ÿ
Ö5 bÿÿÿÿ °¢ <"ó).=6¨: =È=]] !"#%&'()+,-/H 56 ]] $*0ð@ð @ ñÿÿÿ€€€÷ðH ðð0ð( ð
ðð’ðð0ð( ð
ððB
ðS ð ¿Ëÿ ?ð!*ž¥¯¶ÁȹÄÑ Û à ë õ ú ¶
¿
" - B M n y Ò
á
—œ
˜¥ *359hu ™¦s€®»‘—ÖÜãéz€×Ýêð›¨ÁÇ#)´· ½ ¿ Ã Å Ë Í Ö • ž b"k"‹"—"”###%0%&&ý'(M)Z)§)±)g*m*•*œ*ž*¥*6+<+..N.V.X.`.b.f.¯.½.¿/Í/ú01V1e1Ô1â1ñ1ö1E2J2ð3ø3]4d4ª4®4¯4´425455595Á5Ä5È5Ê5Ë5Í5Î5Ð5Ñ5Ó5×5 „ŒÈ5Ê5Ë5Í5Î5Ð5Ñ5Ó5×53Ipñ1ù1È5Ê5Ë5Í5Î5Ð5Ñ5Ó5×5 "&*+..8Ž—©²*5”žÒÝ| ˆ ë õ
ý
oy¥°ë÷ *:EFR¢¬¹Ä¥±<FN Y · × â î!ú!X"b"s"~"%Ž%&&(&3&Z*[*[*g*‹*•*¦*±*æ-ó-4.>.n.y.ï1ð1ø12;2E2P2Q2Q2[2Ç2Ô293C3N3O3O3Y344M4W4e4f4f4p4µ4Â4#5-5:5;5;5E5Å5Æ5Ç5×5Äq04e’†n[G],-¾ oÃņØð`<|ö÷O";0RI1%†RrSui‹¢WÂI†= {uò,† Uz*¢mù ˜r=°Ç-9hÅs»–eme†.~ñþ
{R†v ¬4†1L2Q —"†i AHA†åoG>ÝU†ß `å1_%V“ÇNH{†÷qÃìUû3†d]-©Z:KKKKn;„q0†<«?* 7Õ: Aú¥^Bå ƒl{ œ2HÊ(û#!©qŸ÷m4-cqRrS˜4>¾P]üsaO-Â?†ýYnÏb~i‹(˜ì)ib ôô>!]È.†`
RV:g&>!†Þ}N!ÔL†Ñ2Ë"â0R†Å\€|†MD-%;åblrBR]“a
6Ji¢ ÃávjÖ`†[JO 5J90†RY ø:[Æ
k 3q-r†jx 8I˜ Tpæ kÖ|†2~—
Óáy† kñ
?I‚†µ * «? = †¬#? ?* @£4leÚ dw"
†¯ šZûgÍKD Ñ2Ë^E õ-H—x €wÈôT„ bS &½xË -Z“yð ßwö IÖ>†:-þ Šu
KKKKdw"
qîX†-h‚
K^R ®
¶^‹VxBÄ
ƒ =#†/y¯pur †Ž²®
†‘'FfÆx-ZùdÄy ‹(˜û)Fk{Z†fV¼Ü-ºp—'ºE†¬4Ô!~Qœ2H` ô?I‚‡be†˜@œÂFK-<"ŸˆlÝqÒu®Ëy/†x{øš]^ž~76=&†Ÿ ³Í`
[¢ ëRH&<Ñ^êØOC!†ùd{Õ/Ì"ï ªþ[ëµhÜ2†™dª‰ ¥t†€wÈ8I˜ (fÜtl(†‚þÈ}¸t¶a9û~ð8— Ú7l±†4ö";ûg)n†Ép7v}gÓXd|•š&žH‰w¯A âgb÷uáD \*í)#Jb”LåD†
)rÞ}†—W•GL$L†rÁQHœ+V Ýò„/xCz.›^M~;¦|p%€FZPS7l±pS°#†¬±<>)†¢Sóávj†¥h5h 5†+a«l [µx• xCz‡be˜yFdxLÒy†ÈRAj>´nécR%V“†h¥a9Åó !`†ª}<œqõ}Q =¬7y] ‚óRŽ-†É.¾zfÖ7¡½
ôe o[ K H,~†HmP M~† Mg É=Õj†Ö>m ©?[%†'w …Jo8‡L òy2\ gQwez+™ ¾P]74™ `A® émÞ!†|zè ©Z:½*ú ÇB!† g; cq‘QQ £HûNK^R +a¥X„ T
aNŠ GAP†y8” ½xË †ÿS¹ ãdë Ž Ïz†¸J „VZq†êT \
~†Üa V'Po†_m 4áiÅwÁ ÃTkPBÇ `
RQ1è ýYn†pur Äp}†Àá ureP†&>!¬Z[FxX)!ÇB!x{øEC!©T‹K†ØOC!±vÚ>b(P!ä+]!é3îl „!NRÝQémÞ!ØJ#†g-í!òf³dÊ[z"·U&z†6'"´ZY†Q —"jI _†™m³"ä+]!Ý&»"û)†Õ/Ì"|zè s\ÿ"=VÑG†§~#ã)9~†ŽK #» è+†I 3#¬#? ƒ =#øi\;ØJ#p%€sHˆ#Áí†2K‹#¦|#RY †pS°#PBÇ ¢9õ#üsa†D $É°yJ!4$â`„%† qG$÷EP$ÿ"e<�@VŒ$:*$þ[ë†p½$¢]'†©?[%3eá?Z]%â`„%vd†I1%¥lYK-,ª%Ò,½=†lÍ%ÐzÜ@ÓXñ%Ü!0†E&pOQÐbS &Øb*&Tâ(6=&'w «RH&2\ ¤qP&nYvC†tˆ&݉&¢]'÷EP$†tWˆ'~d:(éR·'ñkL†í>ß'×5ÛLß'”tAz†ÂW (R ‰@†~d:(ã _(i T~tl(ëx¹,†dM´(úTâ(ÉpIê(Óé]†a#ù(Áj¹`†<>)^E †ç W)!,©f†˜Ø)lÍ%†í)MQ{Œ"*Ú^ói†²LE*^lÍXÑNE*N9†È^Ñ*›:8T†ª[?+‚v+Œýo†(S…+QHœ+Î`»+q¥f» è+{pˆ¢C,@½I†ñ#,¡Dq[mK,+@p‘qb,ˆd&dè Ÿ,Ö>m †ëx¹,¯ {uò,˜@œQ>,-÷m4-rtÌHÂFK-óRŽ-œJëN†2@—-çgGc†Åš-X*ˆy†¼Ü->o.-Dt†îtÂ.¦ –z]È.¥X„ †<}7/d|•†Ëy/dS}†ò„/: o=tjÝ/ 0ÞU0{zúOÜ!0ÈRAN+0gY|†5J90Ï$Œ}†;1š0ô©EFw2
þZ†>2 "OÊM29!"e¼W°2¯f\µhÜ2NÜ~øw×3ui‹†+æ3 DjìUû3Å óX@£4‡;¿4åd5†ºpÇ4@L†5h 5‡^B^†
-A5¦PV5åd5tWˆ'×5ÎÂ5MD-†BÌ5IìD†ÇVï5
-A5“a
6”`dñ#6ghCH†81„6‰&7͇6 ça†r!Ÿ6Q1è †¦@é6Xxî6)1:t‰&7˜XÐ\£~74\ƒ7bD9T=rÞ7€´Gr
F8 c©]†…Jo8û~ð8ï ª ó8šÔB†N9?OiêQß9¯A:ÐKx_†s›:KKKKÎ3ù:±!‹q÷O";¬4MJJ O;øi\;Ù%§|c;÷qÆvIu;ªRUÆ;ž~7†[UïU¼`fR>í>ß'IÖ>R]†±vÚ>lrBØMT?<#iq!{’?P[5=†TFž?tˆ&Ÿ?½*ú †O-Â?ØMT?‘Sá?
U|3eá?½-X{É8ç?½@}Ć*.}@˜Ø)†Ï-‡@ºT¥`†R ‰@g†ÐzÜ@Z]%HA g; †: Añs6Ay8” †DOAh u†(µA²LE*†&EÎANa†½.ÔANŠ †‘a†$,&D]”LåD|1ïq†IìDbl#gå>E½\†ô©EZÕvûn¸E‚v+†—'ºEí#öc† h Fs™]†=bDF¦^^n†¬Z[F“yð Ð’FÊ"…o+w~G¼ L`ó#—Gº{9=€´G=VÑG’oÈt†{s
Hõ-H¦PV5p@HåoG†ghCH'\L†š&žH½tŒe¥HoaQÔ!~Q…ÁY#%Q@gKU†NRÝQ ÞQî ìQ qG$ªR)b;R«,¦q†š0hR‡L †ßZwRþ
{R;1š0†±y{RìiŽRÀá †(UõRÞ$AtxcSº #Sw/Ê=FZPS8TS)b;R†ÏTSó#—G3%€SÀ{«S‡;¿4†Üg/T˜4>›:8Tµgn†bD9T]z[TÎ ²mƒ¢TD $þ`ÂTÿS¹ ï,!UÏrdi†@gKUÞU0
g€U‚þ ³UxcS>ÝUC;ŒrXYYVáD ¶^‹V4öOÊV©J$WûWûWÅ6…XÊM2:3œXàq•Y†Õ¬XÎ3ù:†±OµXº #S^lÍX\<ðjgÓXQ>,- qîXª}<Å óX_/,J´ZYƒ¢T†ã`-Y<MYv †àq•Yv^mC†…ÁY< Z…&xFk{ZÍKD
þZH p†Ì [Üenxø:[†=ö^Í`
[Œ0’[(>Y†¯f\Í?\Iê(†½\úMö˜XÐ\~Ðf<1/Õ\Ås»†¬7y]Â>aQs™]Øð† c©]Hv¿I†Óé]vIu;š]^ph$^‡^B^ß `.›^†=ö^å1_ÐKx_¶a9†jI _l{ ó !`‘qb,†¼ L`èY`å ƒºT¥`”=Ö}Áj¹`‘QQ †ïU¼`§>Ö`_m †T
a݉&Na[mK,†9a€ ‘q†˜…aÎÂ5†˜>‘asq¥y†3jÕaßZwR çaôT„ 3b@Ïz†ì)ibõU~b1 µH†øU b§~#†%;åb@VŒ$03 cD.£BçgGcg-í!†va€cÑ^ꆅÑc(µA†UÝcš0hR†í#öc©J$Wvd0q|”`dˆd&d›@ÒMòf³d,-¾Znüd¦|#†9!"e2K‹#¦g+eª/eµ * ^EeŽ²†æL\eå>E†–eme¥HgQweŠu
½tŒeduŒeFd†ú &fJiƒ,\f<}7/†¾zfs{Tq¥f3%€S!,©fqx{~ÐfXxî6ŠaÙf6Ýf< Z†bl#g¥^BLkQgäJ9r† g8|k=šZûgÇ-9hšK?OiÔuß<�MeBiÏrdiØb*&†Ïb~i±y{R4áiã`-YÚ^ói X–u†NFüi£~7 DjtjÝ/v,…jÉ8ç?w¿jþ`ÂTÉ=Õjˆ4¶q\<ðjædk gÃTk Z l!{’?†klV:g†é3îl<|ö<IeùlJ+Lê^(mˆšK†ô.‘mz*¢mA âÎ ²mÚHnèY`µgn „!ûg)nfR>†¦^^nV ݆, mnºkj>´nh#Ûn gV'Po½
ô†2ƒoÊ"…oÄ"™o6GP†e oh¥¶.´orÁšv½o Mg †Œýo]z[TH pTFž?(Ap(S…++@pª[?+bEp=rÞ7¹C½p¤qP&†¡Dq„VZq• †<#iq±!‹qù ˜€ ‘qQ =†«,¦qÅwÁ #!©q{s
Hˆ4¶qŠaÙfˆlÝq|1ïq6SŽ~Rðq3q-rIeùl†äJ9r+æ3†C;Œrn[G° ùrÏ-‡@†y0®sb(P!öês{fM-DtÄy †)1:to
ývÞ$AtÅ6…Xð 0w?0w?0w?0w?ä.¢tª/e‰ ¥t(ApÈ}¸t’oÈt ³U2…&xph$^Üenx[µx, mnfÆx&xn
þxï0¨<�†=.y6Ýf†Ö+OyrgOX*ˆy‹xÓu†˜yd]-sq¥y7ÕÉ°yxLÒyîtÂ.Óáy];yw†òy‰w¯·U&zé*N{†”tAzr=°†WhKzjx ‡.TzJi¦ –z@Ïz¶.´o†Ž Ïz¸`ÈO†%þz³qöwv {ÇNH{$,&Dé*N{‘Sá?MQ{
HR{͇6†jbS{½-X{qx{¦@é6mð{™dª†0q|ì~èvgY|öês†
U|[|ç W)†\€|+w~G;¦|¦g+ekÖ|ä.¢t†y>Ø|BÌ5†dS}XYYVÄp}§R>Ï$Œ}dM´(ßMš}J<¿v†”=Ö}jbS{œqõ}\
~ ô=†H,~03 c†ã)9~WhKzi T~¹;¸~j{Á~0¡N†NÜ~L s{TŸ<(>Y\*†4e’z+™ jª{pË4\ƒ7“Ï(kàI†Áí—x †úMöjªœå›…[w°2 Rñ Ép
j^ òNÿ_atßwbƱ.h j<ShªT g O >s r#ßl$ƒ}&‘m'»m(%j,ÐP.ÙI/ö|/†Z2' 4t4.6ô6CJ8Ë9Äe=E!@JJ@r7AíECïnD·uDVF0 IÇK%Ma NþSNGYãPYÂ^rO_ 5a„7aHc
2eµQf)gÃhjMiÓckalTHlego[ rÐpsõPt0@uI1vywicy‚X}/€Wt„mwˆº=‰Ê=‰Ò`ŒjŒNJ¯ l’.~’v–ð.›=H›Ð~œdUõ ŸFjŸToŸ4 ðM þ2¤)w¤Lz¥£c¨7«U<¬ [¬óT°·r°€±Ú4±ì±÷´õ^¶v¶Ñ\ºA¼vI¼|W½r¾´ ¿ðÃ$?â
ɽ!Ês/Ê Íà8Î*Ъ-Ñå_Ñ$-ÓÿfÖ><ÙÒrÛòCà7"ãÝåóSå’ æ?5æÉçÌ"èGlèhëÖ-ì¢í
îÄ"îwñ PóØE÷Ôù—Yù û“Eü`-ý|ÿÈ5Ê5ÿ@4ñ1ñ2Â4Ö5`@`:`x@`¸@ÿÿUnknownÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿG ‡* €ÿTimes New Roman5 €Symbol3. ‡* €ÿArial7. ‡ ŸVerdana;†‹[SOSimSunA ï ë BŸCambria Math qˆ¤h;"Ûf²K%§}oÂ-aÂ-a!-!),.:;?]}¨·ÇÉ & 6"0000 0 0
00000ÿÿÿ ÿ ÿÿÿÿ ÿ=ÿ@ÿ\ÿ]ÿ^ÿàÿ([{· 0
0 00000ÿÿ;ÿ[ÿáÿåÿ ´œ‚€255 3ƒQüýHXðÿ?¨ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÌ"è2! xx ÿÿuseruserþÿà…ŸòùOh«‘+'³Ù0Xˆœ¨¸ÄØ èô
,8@HP¨ user Normal.dotm user 125 Microsoft Office Word@ZñD3@¢yþé\Ê@ÜåRkÏÂ-þÿÕÍÕœ.“—+,ù®0´
X`t|„Œ ”œ¤¬¨ Microsofta5
!"#$%&'()*+,-./01þÿÿÿ3456789:;<�=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\þÿÿÿ^_`abcdþÿÿÿfghijklþÿÿÿýÿÿÿoþÿÿÿþÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿRoot Entryÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÀFP˜úìRkÏq€1Tableÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ2 TWordDocumentÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ2bSummaryInformation(ÿÿÿÿ]DocumentSummaryInformation8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿeCompObjÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿuÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿ
ÿÿÿÿ ÀF#Microsoft Office Word 97-2003 Îĵµ
MSWordDocWord.Document.8ô9²q